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''Echinocactus horizonthalonius'' is a species of cactus known by several common names, including devilshead, turk's head cactus, blue barrel cactus, eagle's claw,〔Baker, M. (2007). (A multivariate study of morphological characters for ''Echinocactus horizonthalonius'' and ''E. texensis'' (Cactaceae). ) USFWS.〕 horse maimer,〔 horse crippler, and ''visnaga meloncillo''. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it occurs in Chihuahuan Desert and Sonoran Desert habitats, particularly on limestone substrates. ==Description== This cactus is gray-green to blue-gray in color and spherical, hemispherical, columnar, or flat-topped in shape. It reaches a maximum size of about 45 centimeters tall by 20 wide. The body is made up of curving sections that twist around the body in a helical fashion. These sections are lined with areoles bearing up to 10 spines each. The pink, gray, or brown spines may be over 4 centimeters long. The bright pink to magenta flowers are up to 7 to 9 centimeters wide.〔(''Echinocactus horizonthalonius'' ) Flora of North America.〕 Flowers open around midday and close for the night. They also open after the plant receives rainfall, and although most of the flowers occur in June, they may bloom again in late summer and fall if rain occurs.〔USFWS. (''E. h.'' var. ''nicholii'' Five-year Review. ) July 2009.〕 The fruit is hairy or woolly and pink or red in color.〔 ;Varieties The species is generally divided into two varieties. *The more common, ''Echinocactus horizonthalonius'' var. ''horizonthalonius'', can be found in Chihuahuan Desert habitats, from Arizona, through New Mexico, into Texas and Northeastern Mexico. (USDA: ''Echinocactus horizonthalonius'' var. ''horizonthalonius' ) *The rare ''Echinocactus horizonthalonius'' var. ''nicholii'', Nichol's turk's head cactus, is known only from three Sonoran Desert populations in southeastern Arizona, and one in Sonora, Mexico.〔〔(USDA: ''Echinocactus horizonthalonius'' var. ''nicholii'' )〕 It is federally listed as an endangered species of the United States. Some populations are protected within Ironwood Forest National Monument in Pinal and Pima Counties in Arizona.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Echinocactus horizonthalonius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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